Therapists in San Jose, CA

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Photo of Noreen Raja-Halpern, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Noreen Raja-Halpern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95117
Each of us deserve to be seen, heard, and valued. At the foundation of my clinical practice, it is my intention to honor who you are, where you come from, and where you want to go. In fostering meaningful, authentic therapeutic relationships, I engage clients from the strengths-based approach and the holistic perspective, exploring and embracing the idea that our mental health can be shaped by the social, emotional, spiritual, and physical parts of ourselves.
Each of us deserve to be seen, heard, and valued. At the foundation of my clinical practice, it is my intention to honor who you are, where you come from, and where you want to go. In fostering meaningful, authentic therapeutic relationships, I engage clients from the strengths-based approach and the holistic perspective, exploring and embracing the idea that our mental health can be shaped by the social, emotional, spiritual, and physical parts of ourselves.
(408) 404-5347 View (408) 404-5347
Photo of Joshua Siskin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Joshua Siskin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125
My name is Joshua Siskin and I have been a licensed marriage and family therapist (48666) in California for fifteen years. I focus on improving daily functioning and fulfillment in all areas of life, helping clients cope with anxiety, depression, and low self-worth. A relationship of mutual respect and appreciation between counselor and client is the key to successful therapy and I trust we can develop a relationship of this kind as I assist you in becoming the person you were meant to be.
My name is Joshua Siskin and I have been a licensed marriage and family therapist (48666) in California for fifteen years. I focus on improving daily functioning and fulfillment in all areas of life, helping clients cope with anxiety, depression, and low self-worth. A relationship of mutual respect and appreciation between counselor and client is the key to successful therapy and I trust we can develop a relationship of this kind as I assist you in becoming the person you were meant to be.
(408) 560-7673 View (408) 560-7673
Photo of Austin Smythe, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Austin Smythe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95125  (Online Only)
———First Session Free——— Suffering multiplies when we avoid it, it starts to soften and transform when we face it. Working with me is easy. We’ll have a conversation but one that helps you listen to yourself more deeply. I’ll help you talk through what’s troubling you and get clearer on the thoughts and feelings swirling around in your heart and your head. Through this closer connection to yourself, and the sense of direction it will bring, I’ll help you change the things you want to change and find peace with those you can’t.
———First Session Free——— Suffering multiplies when we avoid it, it starts to soften and transform when we face it. Working with me is easy. We’ll have a conversation but one that helps you listen to yourself more deeply. I’ll help you talk through what’s troubling you and get clearer on the thoughts and feelings swirling around in your heart and your head. Through this closer connection to yourself, and the sense of direction it will bring, I’ll help you change the things you want to change and find peace with those you can’t.
(650) 662-6853 View (650) 662-6853
Photo of Kathleen Bishop, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Kathleen Bishop
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95128  (Online Only)
I provide online sessions. Do you struggle with chronic dieting and negative body image? It is my passion to support clients who want to break free from these negative patterns. It is possible to find relief. I am a certified in both Intuitive Eating Counseling and EMDR. I use Health At Every Size® principles to guide my practice when working with clients with food and body image issues. I also provide support for substance use disorders, depression, anxiety and phase of life issues (like mid-life career changes and retirement). Follow me on Instagram: body_peace_liberation
I provide online sessions. Do you struggle with chronic dieting and negative body image? It is my passion to support clients who want to break free from these negative patterns. It is possible to find relief. I am a certified in both Intuitive Eating Counseling and EMDR. I use Health At Every Size® principles to guide my practice when working with clients with food and body image issues. I also provide support for substance use disorders, depression, anxiety and phase of life issues (like mid-life career changes and retirement). Follow me on Instagram: body_peace_liberation
(408) 869-1402 View (408) 869-1402
Photo of Casler Johnston, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Jose, CA
Casler Johnston
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
I believe a strong therapeutic connection paired with focus on your strengths can help provide you with the power to heal, grow and cope with life's stresses. I also believe in the power of play and that through play we can build lifelong social and emotional skills. I specialize in working with 2e and neurodiverse children and teens experiencing anxiety, depression and social challenges. In addition, I enjoy helping support healthy attachment and communication between children and their parents. I aim to make therapy a collaborative and fun experience while also providing space for processing challenges and practicing new skills.
I believe a strong therapeutic connection paired with focus on your strengths can help provide you with the power to heal, grow and cope with life's stresses. I also believe in the power of play and that through play we can build lifelong social and emotional skills. I specialize in working with 2e and neurodiverse children and teens experiencing anxiety, depression and social challenges. In addition, I enjoy helping support healthy attachment and communication between children and their parents. I aim to make therapy a collaborative and fun experience while also providing space for processing challenges and practicing new skills.
(408) 668-3627 View (408) 668-3627
Photo of Eun Ah Kim, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Eun Ah Kim
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95128  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck? Perhaps in an unsatisfying relationship, blended family, job, depression/anxiety, parenting difficulties or generally feeling unhappy in your current situation? Help is readily available to assist you to get unstuck and better your life. Move your life in your desired direction in a gentle and caring environment. Get unstuck. Call 408-380-3008
Are you feeling stuck? Perhaps in an unsatisfying relationship, blended family, job, depression/anxiety, parenting difficulties or generally feeling unhappy in your current situation? Help is readily available to assist you to get unstuck and better your life. Move your life in your desired direction in a gentle and caring environment. Get unstuck. Call 408-380-3008
(408) 759-4966 View (408) 759-4966
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--San Jose location, Psychologist in San Jose, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--San Jose location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(408) 898-9697 View (408) 898-9697
Photo of Lori C Durand, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Lori C Durand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95123  (Online Only)
Welcome. Bienvenidos. I'm here to help you learn concrete strategies to manage issues like anxiety, depression, life stress, behavior, relationships, and to find greater self-compassion. The basis of my approach is respect. I enjoy working with folks of all ages from different cultures and backgrounds, including various ethnicities, LGBTQ+ identities, immigration histories, and living situations. With over 20 years of licensed practice, I have specialty experience in many areas. Currently I'm available for telehealth sessions for preteens and older (11+), and parent consultation for parents with any age child.
Welcome. Bienvenidos. I'm here to help you learn concrete strategies to manage issues like anxiety, depression, life stress, behavior, relationships, and to find greater self-compassion. The basis of my approach is respect. I enjoy working with folks of all ages from different cultures and backgrounds, including various ethnicities, LGBTQ+ identities, immigration histories, and living situations. With over 20 years of licensed practice, I have specialty experience in many areas. Currently I'm available for telehealth sessions for preteens and older (11+), and parent consultation for parents with any age child.
(408) 400-3556 View (408) 400-3556
Photo of Tristan Shiota, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Jose, CA
Tristan Shiota
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
Congratulations on taking your first step toward happiness and healing. You're not alone, and I'm here to help. Whether you're dealing with substance use, addiction, depression, relationship conflicts, or a range of other issues, we can get through it together
Congratulations on taking your first step toward happiness and healing. You're not alone, and I'm here to help. Whether you're dealing with substance use, addiction, depression, relationship conflicts, or a range of other issues, we can get through it together
(650) 480-3962 x453 View (650) 480-3962 x453
Photo of Couples Therapist Anisha Mistry, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Couples Therapist Anisha Mistry
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95126  (Online Only)
Have your attempts to create a better relationship left you feeling more disconnected than before? Those trusted ideas from Instagram and TikTok reels, the blogs found through Googling "ways to improve my relationship," and attempts to try talking to your partner about relationship frustrations just aren't helping. The difference between a conversation and conflict feels blurred, and it's almost expected that talking about hard topics will lead to misunderstandings. Having conversations that lead to connection versus loneliness takes skills - ones that no one has probably ever taught you before. What could those skills even be?
Have your attempts to create a better relationship left you feeling more disconnected than before? Those trusted ideas from Instagram and TikTok reels, the blogs found through Googling "ways to improve my relationship," and attempts to try talking to your partner about relationship frustrations just aren't helping. The difference between a conversation and conflict feels blurred, and it's almost expected that talking about hard topics will lead to misunderstandings. Having conversations that lead to connection versus loneliness takes skills - ones that no one has probably ever taught you before. What could those skills even be?
(831) 298-6664 View (831) 298-6664
Photo of Michelle U. Nguyen, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Michelle U. Nguyen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95128
Not accepting new clients
I offer professional guidance and support that help individual, couples, and families deal with ongoing relationship issues and family conflicts. Therapy can help those struggling with specific issues by providing a safe and positive environment to express concerns, identify core issues and find practical therapeutic solutions to their problems. If you are suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, or have challenges in your relationships, psychotherapy can help you develop tools to replace self-defeating behaviors with self-actualizing ones.
I offer professional guidance and support that help individual, couples, and families deal with ongoing relationship issues and family conflicts. Therapy can help those struggling with specific issues by providing a safe and positive environment to express concerns, identify core issues and find practical therapeutic solutions to their problems. If you are suffering from stress, anxiety, depression, or have challenges in your relationships, psychotherapy can help you develop tools to replace self-defeating behaviors with self-actualizing ones.
(408) 508-6046 View (408) 508-6046
Photo of Jeremiah Knight, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Jeremiah Knight
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95112
Not accepting new clients
In therapy, I facilitate a welcoming, explorative environment through the implementation of solution focused therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and existentialism. For that reason, my ideal client either comes knowing what that would like to get out of therapy or is willing to work together to determine possible areas in which they would like to see improvement. Some goals set by my clients have included being happier, feeling less anxious, improving their focus on a specific habit, building their awareness on their future, improving their relationships with their significant other, and increasing their connections with others.
In therapy, I facilitate a welcoming, explorative environment through the implementation of solution focused therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and existentialism. For that reason, my ideal client either comes knowing what that would like to get out of therapy or is willing to work together to determine possible areas in which they would like to see improvement. Some goals set by my clients have included being happier, feeling less anxious, improving their focus on a specific habit, building their awareness on their future, improving their relationships with their significant other, and increasing their connections with others.
(408) 763-4575 View (408) 763-4575
Photo of Cynthia Manuel-Shah, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Cynthia Manuel-Shah
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, EdM
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95119  (Online Only)
Hey there mama. Feeling a rollercoaster of emotions, and need a moment to think or cry out loud w/o judgment? Maybe you are the mama that has experienced a miscarriage, high risk pregnancy, baby in NICU, or infertility. Or perhaps you are having difficulty adjusting to motherhood, not connecting with your newborn and feel anxious/depressed and exhuasted. Sometimes partners, family and friends don't understand what it's like to experience the joys and pains of creating a little human. One moment there is excitement, the next there is pain when finding out things aren't going as planned.
Hey there mama. Feeling a rollercoaster of emotions, and need a moment to think or cry out loud w/o judgment? Maybe you are the mama that has experienced a miscarriage, high risk pregnancy, baby in NICU, or infertility. Or perhaps you are having difficulty adjusting to motherhood, not connecting with your newborn and feel anxious/depressed and exhuasted. Sometimes partners, family and friends don't understand what it's like to experience the joys and pains of creating a little human. One moment there is excitement, the next there is pain when finding out things aren't going as planned.
(408) 676-1036 View (408) 676-1036
Photo of Mitra Taheri, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Mitra Taheri
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdS
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
My goal as a mental health clinician, specialized in marriage and family therapy is to create a supportive enviroment in which my clients can explore their emotional needs and overcome barriers that limit their full potential. I have a significant amount of experience in providing individual, couple and family therapy. My work experience as the mental health clinician taught me how to understand the special needs of children, adolescents, adults, couples and families.
My goal as a mental health clinician, specialized in marriage and family therapy is to create a supportive enviroment in which my clients can explore their emotional needs and overcome barriers that limit their full potential. I have a significant amount of experience in providing individual, couple and family therapy. My work experience as the mental health clinician taught me how to understand the special needs of children, adolescents, adults, couples and families.
(408) 514-5146 View (408) 514-5146
Photo of Susana N. Ramos, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Susana N. Ramos
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95131  (Online Only)
My passion is supporting clients in moving beyond merely surviving, towards freedom and joy, in order to truly LIVE. My practice centers around working with people of color, marginalized communities, and allies to find healing and growth from depression, trauma, racism-based stress, anxiety and burnout. I bring an anti-racist, anti-oppressive, and social justice lens to my work. I have spent my career helping young adults feel safe, empowered, seen, and understood.
My passion is supporting clients in moving beyond merely surviving, towards freedom and joy, in order to truly LIVE. My practice centers around working with people of color, marginalized communities, and allies to find healing and growth from depression, trauma, racism-based stress, anxiety and burnout. I bring an anti-racist, anti-oppressive, and social justice lens to my work. I have spent my career helping young adults feel safe, empowered, seen, and understood.
(408) 915-8413 View (408) 915-8413
Photo of Carolina Sang, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Jose, CA
Carolina Sang
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
Are you finding it difficult to express your needs with someone in your life? Are you concerned that you and your loved one keep misunderstanding each other due to differences in cultural or gendered communication styles? Maybe you're going through a life transition that's adding to your stress levels, and leaving you both feeling in the dark about how to give and receive support? Or perhaps you are happy in your partnership, but are eager to grow together and deepen your bond even further? I can shine a light on those areas of difficulty for you both that remain obscured from view, and illuminate a new way forward.
Are you finding it difficult to express your needs with someone in your life? Are you concerned that you and your loved one keep misunderstanding each other due to differences in cultural or gendered communication styles? Maybe you're going through a life transition that's adding to your stress levels, and leaving you both feeling in the dark about how to give and receive support? Or perhaps you are happy in your partnership, but are eager to grow together and deepen your bond even further? I can shine a light on those areas of difficulty for you both that remain obscured from view, and illuminate a new way forward.
(408) 583-5437 View (408) 583-5437
Photo of Ann Margaret Stillingfleet, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Ann Margaret Stillingfleet
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95126
I choose to see life's challenges as invitations to know ourselves more honestly, and to accept ourselves as we are. I believe that when individuals are self-aware they experience life as more meaningful and challenges as less distressing. I help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, life transitions and relationship issues, to embrace their wholeness and strengthen inner resources not yet recognized. From this place of knowing and alternate or adjusted perspective, individuals develop compassion for self and other, gain confidence in relationships, and feel more assured in their ability to address the challenges life presents.
I choose to see life's challenges as invitations to know ourselves more honestly, and to accept ourselves as we are. I believe that when individuals are self-aware they experience life as more meaningful and challenges as less distressing. I help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, life transitions and relationship issues, to embrace their wholeness and strengthen inner resources not yet recognized. From this place of knowing and alternate or adjusted perspective, individuals develop compassion for self and other, gain confidence in relationships, and feel more assured in their ability to address the challenges life presents.
(408) 752-5875 View (408) 752-5875
Photo of Rachel Krantz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Rachel Krantz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95117
Not accepting new clients
Greetings! Each of us has moments when we need to step back, re-consider our lives and find guidance in taking the next courageous steps toward change. If you are experiencing stress, anxiety, depression, conflicts in relationships, lack of clarity about your future direction, or the after-effects of past trauma or abuse, this might be one of those times in your life.
Greetings! Each of us has moments when we need to step back, re-consider our lives and find guidance in taking the next courageous steps toward change. If you are experiencing stress, anxiety, depression, conflicts in relationships, lack of clarity about your future direction, or the after-effects of past trauma or abuse, this might be one of those times in your life.
(408) 610-1351 View (408) 610-1351
Photo of Tracy Lynn Fleming, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Tracy Lynn Fleming
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
Many people come to therapy to resolve problems in relationships, manage stress related to work and family, to learn how to adapt to minor and major changes in life, or simply to enhance one’s sense of self. I believe that clients are the experts in their own lives, and that my job as a therapist is to guide clients in resolving their issues by providing a wide variety of cognitive behavioral and mindfulness tools and techniques that can easily be applied to daily life and that will alleviate suffering in a relatively short period of time.
Many people come to therapy to resolve problems in relationships, manage stress related to work and family, to learn how to adapt to minor and major changes in life, or simply to enhance one’s sense of self. I believe that clients are the experts in their own lives, and that my job as a therapist is to guide clients in resolving their issues by providing a wide variety of cognitive behavioral and mindfulness tools and techniques that can easily be applied to daily life and that will alleviate suffering in a relatively short period of time.
(408) 628-1061 View (408) 628-1061
Photo of Shani Robins, Psychologist in San Jose, CA
Shani Robins
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95131
Our relationships, work, and health can be stressful or fulfilling. There are specific, practical, scientifically proven methods for increasing happiness, success, and well being for yourself and in your relationships and significantly reducing anger, anxiety, stress, job loss, relationship conflicts, and hypertension. I have 15 years of clinical experience in bringing together best practices that work! I teach Stanford University's courses in Wisdom, Emotional Intelligence, Career Development, and related Research regarding the best and most practical methods for effectively reducing anger, anxiety, and stress, and significantly improving personal and professional relationships, health & well being, and professional goals and success.
Our relationships, work, and health can be stressful or fulfilling. There are specific, practical, scientifically proven methods for increasing happiness, success, and well being for yourself and in your relationships and significantly reducing anger, anxiety, stress, job loss, relationship conflicts, and hypertension. I have 15 years of clinical experience in bringing together best practices that work! I teach Stanford University's courses in Wisdom, Emotional Intelligence, Career Development, and related Research regarding the best and most practical methods for effectively reducing anger, anxiety, and stress, and significantly improving personal and professional relationships, health & well being, and professional goals and success.
(650) 830-5041 View (650) 830-5041

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Jose, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in San Jose, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
72% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Jose, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Jose?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.