Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of John Beninato, Counselor in New York, NY
John Beninato
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, CRC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Challenges in life can be overwhelming if not downright defeating without support. As your therapist, I begin with building our relationship while we identify and address the reasons you are seeking treatment. My ultimate goals are to help you determine what is keeping you from living your ideal life and create a safe space where we can explore your life experiences. I strive to instill a spirit of hope and provide encouragement that change can be possible and that you are the ultimate agent of that change. Together, we will help you lay the groundwork to make positive changes that will serve to enrich your life.
Challenges in life can be overwhelming if not downright defeating without support. As your therapist, I begin with building our relationship while we identify and address the reasons you are seeking treatment. My ultimate goals are to help you determine what is keeping you from living your ideal life and create a safe space where we can explore your life experiences. I strive to instill a spirit of hope and provide encouragement that change can be possible and that you are the ultimate agent of that change. Together, we will help you lay the groundwork to make positive changes that will serve to enrich your life.
(332) 334-2094 View (332) 334-2094
Photo of Become The Way Psychotherapy, Counselor in New York, NY
Become The Way Psychotherapy
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
Become The Way hosts a robust variety of therapists with unique specialties and strengths to meet prospective clients where they're at in their journey. We provide an onboarding support call to help with asking your personal goals for treatment and then offer you a curated selection of our 12+ providers to make sure you get what you're looking for. We've all been there when we want someone to listen instead of providing a structured session - or perhaps the other way around! We endeavor to make that first step much easier and more efficient meeting what YOU are looking for so that you can start feeling better right away!
Become The Way hosts a robust variety of therapists with unique specialties and strengths to meet prospective clients where they're at in their journey. We provide an onboarding support call to help with asking your personal goals for treatment and then offer you a curated selection of our 12+ providers to make sure you get what you're looking for. We've all been there when we want someone to listen instead of providing a structured session - or perhaps the other way around! We endeavor to make that first step much easier and more efficient meeting what YOU are looking for so that you can start feeling better right away!
(646) 846-1226 View (646) 846-1226
Photo of Rebecca Szymborski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Rebecca Szymborski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10128  (Online Only)
I work primarily in individual therapy with LGBTQ individuals, neurodivergent folks, folks in the kink and non-monogamous/polyamorous communities, disabled folks, and sex workers. I offer relationship therapy as well (Non-monogamy and polyamory) I am queer, non-binary, non-monogamous, kinky, and neurodiverse (ADHD). I'm a chronically ill, disabled, former sex worker and a leftist. I believe that therapists can hold safe boundaries for clients, while also encouraging transparency and authenticity of self.
I work primarily in individual therapy with LGBTQ individuals, neurodivergent folks, folks in the kink and non-monogamous/polyamorous communities, disabled folks, and sex workers. I offer relationship therapy as well (Non-monogamy and polyamory) I am queer, non-binary, non-monogamous, kinky, and neurodiverse (ADHD). I'm a chronically ill, disabled, former sex worker and a leftist. I believe that therapists can hold safe boundaries for clients, while also encouraging transparency and authenticity of self.
(646) 916-5526 View (646) 916-5526
Photo of Samantha Robin Kanelstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Samantha Robin Kanelstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014  (Online Only)
Understanding that changes are needed in order to live the life you want does not always equate feeling ready to do so, or knowing where to start. If you are feeling as if your emotional bandwidth is compromised by internal conflict or outside stressors, it may be difficult to allow yourself to try something new. As a relational therapist, I cultivate the connection and safety that are needed to help my clients to feel more willing to challenge themselves and their beliefs in the interest of personal growth.
Understanding that changes are needed in order to live the life you want does not always equate feeling ready to do so, or knowing where to start. If you are feeling as if your emotional bandwidth is compromised by internal conflict or outside stressors, it may be difficult to allow yourself to try something new. As a relational therapist, I cultivate the connection and safety that are needed to help my clients to feel more willing to challenge themselves and their beliefs in the interest of personal growth.
(929) 203-3712 View (929) 203-3712
Photo of Michelle Schweiger Schecter, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Michelle Schweiger Schecter
Licensed Master Social Worker, JD, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Therapy is a place to explore feelings of loneliness, anxiety, depression, grief, and shame, and begin the work of generating positive and lasting change. My primary goal is to provide a nurturing therapeutic environment, free of judgment and rooted in empathy, where you feel heard and empowered. It is my firm belief that listening intently and with compassion, in a safe therapeutic setting, can help you navigate even the biggest challenges in your relationships with other people and with yourself. I’ve worked with clients facing profound life stressors, including death of family members, medical illness, and psychiatric diagnoses.
Therapy is a place to explore feelings of loneliness, anxiety, depression, grief, and shame, and begin the work of generating positive and lasting change. My primary goal is to provide a nurturing therapeutic environment, free of judgment and rooted in empathy, where you feel heard and empowered. It is my firm belief that listening intently and with compassion, in a safe therapeutic setting, can help you navigate even the biggest challenges in your relationships with other people and with yourself. I’ve worked with clients facing profound life stressors, including death of family members, medical illness, and psychiatric diagnoses.
(347) 694-8266 View (347) 694-8266
Photo of Liz (Anne Elizabeth) Hirky, Psychologist in New York, NY
Liz (Anne Elizabeth) Hirky
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10025
Is this one of those times you might need some extra help to manage what life has thrown at you? If so, you'll find me to be warm, empathic, and down-to-earth, with extensive training, skill, and experience. We'll be collaborative and flexible as we work to identify and shift those habits that have outlived their usefulness and now create obstacles to you living a fuller and more satisfying life. I work well with those seeking either or both problem-solving and insight-oriented approaches.
Is this one of those times you might need some extra help to manage what life has thrown at you? If so, you'll find me to be warm, empathic, and down-to-earth, with extensive training, skill, and experience. We'll be collaborative and flexible as we work to identify and shift those habits that have outlived their usefulness and now create obstacles to you living a fuller and more satisfying life. I work well with those seeking either or both problem-solving and insight-oriented approaches.
(917) 794-3554 View (917) 794-3554
Photo of Laurie Greenberg, Psychologist in New York, NY
Laurie Greenberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
I can help you connect with your Divine essence, and guide you through your unfolding inner journey. You can learn to give yourself love, safety, and support for your increased freedom, self-esteem, self-expression, and meaningful achievement.
I can help you connect with your Divine essence, and guide you through your unfolding inner journey. You can learn to give yourself love, safety, and support for your increased freedom, self-esteem, self-expression, and meaningful achievement.
(212) 501-4647 View (212) 501-4647
Photo of Joyce M Rosenberg, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Joyce M Rosenberg
Licensed Psychoanalyst, LP, NCPsyA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Are you trying to figure out what's wrong in your relationships, or why you can't seem to find a partner? Trying to understand why you can't find the job you want, or find the motivation to look? Wondering why you're not happier, why things aren't working out the way you thought and hoped they would? And why you're so frustrated, angry, sad, anxious, confused and just plain scared too much of the time. Email me, or call, and we can look for the answers together.
Are you trying to figure out what's wrong in your relationships, or why you can't seem to find a partner? Trying to understand why you can't find the job you want, or find the motivation to look? Wondering why you're not happier, why things aren't working out the way you thought and hoped they would? And why you're so frustrated, angry, sad, anxious, confused and just plain scared too much of the time. Email me, or call, and we can look for the answers together.
(646) 350-0480 View (646) 350-0480
Photo of Emily Morris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Emily Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Taking the first step to seek therapy is a big accomplishment. Whether you are struggling with a crisis, looking for a casual space to talk and reflect, or something in between, we can take on your challenges together. With my calm and compassionate demeanor, as well as empathetic listening, I strive to cultivate a warm and judgment-free therapeutic environment where you will feel comfortable, safe, and heard. Using a variety of therapeutic modalities, I enjoy working with adults, young adults, and couples navigating issues including anxiety, OCD, trauma, relationships, sex and sexuality, life transitions, family dynamics, and more.
Taking the first step to seek therapy is a big accomplishment. Whether you are struggling with a crisis, looking for a casual space to talk and reflect, or something in between, we can take on your challenges together. With my calm and compassionate demeanor, as well as empathetic listening, I strive to cultivate a warm and judgment-free therapeutic environment where you will feel comfortable, safe, and heard. Using a variety of therapeutic modalities, I enjoy working with adults, young adults, and couples navigating issues including anxiety, OCD, trauma, relationships, sex and sexuality, life transitions, family dynamics, and more.
(347) 308-7539 View (347) 308-7539
Photo of Tema Watstein, Psychologist in New York, NY
Tema Watstein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
I believe that therapy can enable us to create meaningful changes in our lives. This can feel realized in our relationships with ourselves and through engagement in our worlds - both, social and professional. You may seek therapy because you have experienced a crisis or recently reached a high level of distress, or you may be on a more gradual process of growth and self-examination. Perhaps you feel stuck and wish to find a way to engage more authentically in life. In the safe, supportive space of our relational experience, therapy can provide you with new opportunities to experiment with thought and expression freely.
I believe that therapy can enable us to create meaningful changes in our lives. This can feel realized in our relationships with ourselves and through engagement in our worlds - both, social and professional. You may seek therapy because you have experienced a crisis or recently reached a high level of distress, or you may be on a more gradual process of growth and self-examination. Perhaps you feel stuck and wish to find a way to engage more authentically in life. In the safe, supportive space of our relational experience, therapy can provide you with new opportunities to experiment with thought and expression freely.
(347) 934-4299 View (347) 934-4299
Photo of Eileen Bahl, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Eileen Bahl
Licensed Psychoanalyst, LP, MPH
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Are you grieving, feeling sad or depressed, anxious, have uncontrollable anger or feelings of low self-esteem? These and other forms of inner conflict can be overwhelming and debilitating. They can cause physical pain as well as fatigue, sleeplessness, eating disorders and a host of other symptoms and behaviors. Psychotherapy can address these issues and help you to lead a more peaceful and fulfilling life. Finding the right therapist is crucial and can be challenging. Location and insurance are practical concerns, but should not be the primary consideration. The rapport between you and your therapist is key to successful treatment.
Are you grieving, feeling sad or depressed, anxious, have uncontrollable anger or feelings of low self-esteem? These and other forms of inner conflict can be overwhelming and debilitating. They can cause physical pain as well as fatigue, sleeplessness, eating disorders and a host of other symptoms and behaviors. Psychotherapy can address these issues and help you to lead a more peaceful and fulfilling life. Finding the right therapist is crucial and can be challenging. Location and insurance are practical concerns, but should not be the primary consideration. The rapport between you and your therapist is key to successful treatment.
(646) 798-8290 View (646) 798-8290
Photo of Kristen Zacche, Counselor in New York, NY
Kristen Zacche
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10031
My intention is to create a welcoming, depth-oriented and respectful therapeutic relationship. I lean toward a holistic approach that recognizes the wholeness of all persons and individualizes treatment. The value of genuine warmth, feeling seen and unconditional positive regard is not lost on me. My style pulls from multiple theoretical lenses, such as a Narrative, Somatic, DBT, Trauma-informed and Humanistic lens. Mindfulness and spirituality are intertwined in my work. From a multicultural lens, I welcome all genders, expressions, populations and sexualities.
My intention is to create a welcoming, depth-oriented and respectful therapeutic relationship. I lean toward a holistic approach that recognizes the wholeness of all persons and individualizes treatment. The value of genuine warmth, feeling seen and unconditional positive regard is not lost on me. My style pulls from multiple theoretical lenses, such as a Narrative, Somatic, DBT, Trauma-informed and Humanistic lens. Mindfulness and spirituality are intertwined in my work. From a multicultural lens, I welcome all genders, expressions, populations and sexualities.
(201) 468-8206 View (201) 468-8206
Photo of Karen Lutwin, Psychologist in New York, NY
Karen Lutwin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
I offer a safe authentic relationship and would describe my style as warm, engaged,and sensitive. I consider myself an integrative therapist. As such, I tend to adapt my approach to therapy by individualizing my clients and by matching therapeutic interventions. I often incorporate psychodynamic, relational, and cognitive behavioral theory and techniques in my work. I enjoy helping individuals and couples identify and change destructive behaviors that interfere with their happiness and build more satisfying relationships. I work with people who suffer with chronic pain using a specialized treatment that connects the mind and body.
I offer a safe authentic relationship and would describe my style as warm, engaged,and sensitive. I consider myself an integrative therapist. As such, I tend to adapt my approach to therapy by individualizing my clients and by matching therapeutic interventions. I often incorporate psychodynamic, relational, and cognitive behavioral theory and techniques in my work. I enjoy helping individuals and couples identify and change destructive behaviors that interfere with their happiness and build more satisfying relationships. I work with people who suffer with chronic pain using a specialized treatment that connects the mind and body.
(646) 807-4174 View (646) 807-4174
Photo of Laurie Greenberg-Cardillo, Psychologist in New York, NY
Laurie Greenberg-Cardillo
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023
Laurie Greenberg-Cardillo is a Clinical Psychologist specializing in individual and couples therapy. Dr. Greenberg-Cardillo has over 30 years experience working in hospitals and private practice in New York City. She received her doctorate in clinical psychology for Rutgers Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology. She went on to earn a certificate in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis from New York University. Dr. Greenberg-Cardillo is the former Director of the HIV Mental Health Program at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City. She is also a Certified Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy therapist.
Laurie Greenberg-Cardillo is a Clinical Psychologist specializing in individual and couples therapy. Dr. Greenberg-Cardillo has over 30 years experience working in hospitals and private practice in New York City. She received her doctorate in clinical psychology for Rutgers Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology. She went on to earn a certificate in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis from New York University. Dr. Greenberg-Cardillo is the former Director of the HIV Mental Health Program at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City. She is also a Certified Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy therapist.
(646) 679-7670 View (646) 679-7670
Photo of Preet Chowdhary, Counselor in New York, NY
Preet Chowdhary
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Preet is a board certified mental health therapist with a Master's degree in Applied Psychology from New York University and a deep connection to The New School as an alumna. Preet brings not just her qualifications but also a wealth of international experiences into her practice. Having lived in different countries and worked with individuals from various backgrounds, Preet understands the importance of creating a welcoming and inclusive space for all. She values compassion, care, and openness above all else, aiming to meet you exactly where you are in your life's journey.
Preet is a board certified mental health therapist with a Master's degree in Applied Psychology from New York University and a deep connection to The New School as an alumna. Preet brings not just her qualifications but also a wealth of international experiences into her practice. Having lived in different countries and worked with individuals from various backgrounds, Preet understands the importance of creating a welcoming and inclusive space for all. She values compassion, care, and openness above all else, aiming to meet you exactly where you are in your life's journey.
(917) 740-7412 View (917) 740-7412
Photo of Carlavee Ervas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Carlavee Ervas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Life is difficult, you don't have to go through all of it alone. Feeling unsupported in your current environment, feeling stuck or stagnant, or feeling that you cannot move or grow, can be overwhelming. If you feel like you're going between two different worlds or multiple roles that are difficult to juggle, it can take a toll on one's self. If some of these things are true for you, therapy can be a place for you to be seen, heard & supported. This is the great thing about therapy, this space is completely for you.
Life is difficult, you don't have to go through all of it alone. Feeling unsupported in your current environment, feeling stuck or stagnant, or feeling that you cannot move or grow, can be overwhelming. If you feel like you're going between two different worlds or multiple roles that are difficult to juggle, it can take a toll on one's self. If some of these things are true for you, therapy can be a place for you to be seen, heard & supported. This is the great thing about therapy, this space is completely for you.
(929) 203-5189 View (929) 203-5189
Robert I Watson Jr
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065
I have been in private practice for over 40 years and have worked with a variety of patients over these years. Many of my patients are professionals or artists who struggle with issues with their work and with their personal lives. They often are dealing with a variety of forms of anxiety and at times depression. We work together to lessen their symptoms and formulate a new way of thinking of themselves and new ways of interacting with others. I work with both individuals and couples.
I have been in private practice for over 40 years and have worked with a variety of patients over these years. Many of my patients are professionals or artists who struggle with issues with their work and with their personal lives. They often are dealing with a variety of forms of anxiety and at times depression. We work together to lessen their symptoms and formulate a new way of thinking of themselves and new ways of interacting with others. I work with both individuals and couples.
(646) 362-1104 View (646) 362-1104
Photo of Iryna Krotava, Psychologist in New York, NY
Iryna Krotava
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I view psychotherapy as a deeply personal transformational process to growth regardless of where you are in life, whether in a crisis, a relationship issue, curious on who you are, or suffer a mental illness. I specialize on relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, sexuality, life transitions, and multicultural issues. Our therapist-patient relationship will be unique, non-judgmental, and supportive. We will build a trusting space where it will be safe and comfortable to share your experiences, feelings, and thoughts. By exploring unfulfilling aspects of your life, we can work together towards a positive change.
I view psychotherapy as a deeply personal transformational process to growth regardless of where you are in life, whether in a crisis, a relationship issue, curious on who you are, or suffer a mental illness. I specialize on relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, sexuality, life transitions, and multicultural issues. Our therapist-patient relationship will be unique, non-judgmental, and supportive. We will build a trusting space where it will be safe and comfortable to share your experiences, feelings, and thoughts. By exploring unfulfilling aspects of your life, we can work together towards a positive change.
(551) 261-4051 View (551) 261-4051
Photo of Gary Hellman, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Gary Hellman
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014
Your perspective is key to our work. I look forward to building a frame of trust to understand the creative and satisfying aspects of your life as well as your concerns. I seek a collaborative style developing trust in a thoughtful and sensitive manner.
Your perspective is key to our work. I look forward to building a frame of trust to understand the creative and satisfying aspects of your life as well as your concerns. I seek a collaborative style developing trust in a thoughtful and sensitive manner.
(646) 583-1892 View (646) 583-1892
Photo of Emily B Kalb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Emily B Kalb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10044  (Online Only)
Your story up to this moment informs who and where you are right now, but it doesn't have to be the way it ends, if it isn't working for you. With support, you can change the choices you make and the course of your story. I look forward to helping you look at and decide how to move forward.
Your story up to this moment informs who and where you are right now, but it doesn't have to be the way it ends, if it isn't working for you. With support, you can change the choices you make and the course of your story. I look forward to helping you look at and decide how to move forward.
(929) 297-8342 View (929) 297-8342

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.